4. Пакс Монголика
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Item 1911 оны Монгол Тусгаар тогтнол ба Монгол овогтон нэгдэхийн төлөө тэмцсэн нь(ШУА-ийн олон улсын харилцааны хүрээлэн, 2015-03) О, БатсайханItem ABOUT PAX MONGOLICA(ШУА-ийн Олон улсын харилцааны хүрээлэн, 2016-12) J, BayasakhItem AGWANG DORZHIEV-BETWEEN CZAR’S RUSSIA AND DALAI LAMA’S TIBET 1889-1907(ШУА-ийн Олон улсын харилцааны хүрээлэн, 2017-09) Gencang, MengSince the late 19 century and early 20 century, Tibet became more and more strategic place for British because Russian Czar’s expansion into Central Asia directly threatened to India-‘the jewel in the crown’ of the British Empire. As a result, British government hurried its diplomatic step toward Tibet. In 1893, Qing government signed a contract with British, without Tibetan representative, promising British special trade rights in Tibet. Under such circumstances, Dozhiev, a Buriat Lama, also a close adviser of Thirteenth Dalai Lama, urged His Holiness to seek help from Czar’s Russia to prevent Tibet from British expansion since Manchu Qing was not powerful enough to protect Tibet anymore. This short paper tries to answer the questions like, what was the nature of his missions to Russia? And what was the relationship between Tibet and Russia during his missions in boarder international power relations?Item China-Mongolia-Russia Economic Corridor Boosts China-Mongolia Regional Cooperation1(ШУА-ийн Олон улсын харилцааны хүрээлэн, 2016-12) Zhang, Fenglin; Zhang, SichenThe construction of “China-Mongolia-Russia Economic Corridor” serves the common interests of the three countries; it has already been acknowledged by Mongolia, Russia and other related countries and coordinated with their own development plans. For Mongolia, the coordination of “Prairie Road” and “China- Mongolia-Russia Economic Corridor” will boost the in-depth cooperation in several areas between China and Mongolia, and promote the development of export-oriented economy on the one hand, but also faces some challenges on the other hand.Item The Construction of American Base In East Asia and The Reaction Of China(ШУА-ийн Олон улсын харилцааны хүрээлэн, 2016-12) Kim, Jung-MinThe national defense expenditure of the U.S. is overwhelmingly greater than any other countries in the world, and the military technology is far more advanced incomparably. Compared to this, the military force and technology of China are not as strong. Accordingly, China has usually developed their power through offering of loans and economical cooperation rather than the construction of the military base in the way of expanding diplomatic influence. Currently, both nations are contending for the hegemony of the 21st century. The economy of the U.S. is daily weakening whereas the Chinese economy is continuing its rapid growth that is greater than 8%. Currently, although the U.S. has occupied much more advantageous position than China, if the U.S. economy keeps the faltering economy, the center of the world economy that was U.S.-oriented would be relocated to China, and thus although the U.S. may exceed in terms of military force, the center of the economy will come to China, and it is expected to not take too much time for the strong economic power of China to exceed the military power of the U.S. Currently, Korea is placed in a difficult location in a situation where the U.S. and China are going through struggles. Although China is economically an important nation as China is the 1st-trading nation for Korea, considering the territorial conflicts of China with the surrounding nations, it is regarded to be hard to expect the political fellowship to enhance even though the economical exchange with China may get closer. Accordingly, it would be necessary for Korea to see how to develop the Korea-China relationship by either maintaining or enforcing the military alliance with the U.S. until China accomplishes a certain degree of economical development and have their interests in democratization and political reforms in order to face the changing global situation.Item COOPERATION OR CONNECTIVITY: HOW WILL THE SCO FUNCTION FROM NOW?(ШУА-ийн Олон улсын харилцааны хүрээлэн, 2017-09) Wang, Li; P, BayartsetsegItem Coordinating “The Belt And Road” and “Prairie Road”: A Reciprocal and Win-Win Road For China and Mongolia(ШУА-ийн Олон улсын харилцааны хүрээлэн, 2016-12) Xie, BaoluMany relevant countries have responded to or participated in China’s “the Belt and Road” Initiative, including Mongolia; while Mongolia’s “Prairie Road” strategy is based on its own economic development. China has established comprehensive strategic partnership with Mongolia, under the circumstances, the interconnection between “the Belt and Road” and “prairie road” between the two strategies, will certainly promote cooperation to upgrade in various fields, as well as achieve the profit maximization of both countries. In the future cooperation, we need to specify cooperation projects, the objective evaluation of the existing problems of the two strategies, will have a positive impact on the future cooperation between the two countries.Item COULD QING DYNASTY AWARDS FOR MONGOL NOBLES BE PURCHASED? (17th – pre-20th century)(ШУА-ийн Олон улсын харилцааны хүрээлэн, 2017-09) Uranguai, JamsranItem EARLIER AND CONTEMPORARY RELATIONS BETWEEN CHINA AND AFRICA(ШУА-ийн Олон улсын харилцааны хүрээлэн, 2017-09) G, EnkhtuyaItem External Factors of Mongolian Economy(ШУА-ийн Олон улсын харилцааны хүрээлэн, 2016-12) Ts, BaatarItem The First Results of The Anniversary SCO Summit In Tashkent(ШУА-ийн Олон улсын харилцааны хүрээлэн, 2016-12) Vladimir, YevseyevItem FOCUS ON COMPARISONS OF URBANIZATION PROCESSES AND PROBLEMS BETWEEN SOUTH KOREA AND CHINA*(ШУА-ийн Олон улсын харилцааны хүрээлэн, 2017-09) Chang-Hwan, Yu; Myagmarsuren, Ukhnaa; Shun-Bo, YaoThis research compared with problems that generated during urbanization process in Korea and China. Additionally, the current study analyzed solutions for issues such as public policies and reform plans. In 2014, the urbanization levels (% of total) were 91.7% in South Korea, whereas the rate in China was 54.3% that is nearly half of urbanization levels in Korea. It showed that China in a transition stage of urbanization. To look at the issues during urbanization process in Korea and China, it showed the problems of environment, suburbs, lands, transportations, rushed developments and etc. in Korea. Meanwhile China showed the issues of social tensions, suburbs, city environment, initial city developments leading to administrative problems, migrant workers and etc. This study extracted both countries’ similarities and differences to benchmark reform plans.Item GLOBALISM WITH CHINESE CHARACTERISTICS(ШУА-ийн Олон улсын харилцааны хүрээлэн, 2017-09) Yury, TavrovskyItem Is Mongolia Ready to Join Budapest Convention on Cybercrime?(ШУА-ийн Олон улсын харилцааны хүрээлэн, 2016-12) T, Bat-AmgalanIt is not right to consider that cybercrime which contains transnational features is not a subject to jurisdiction of any given country for it possesses power to inflict damages to infrastructures of more than one nation. Therefore, it has become essential to have active multilateral cooperation in international law in order to conduct efficient fight against cybercrime requires1. In such circumstances, Mongolia is required to have active participation in the international cooperation to provide safety measures or security system on cybercrime, too. And the legal basis for the multilateral cooperation of cyber security is the Budapest Convention on Cybercrime which allows non-European Union member states to join. There are 21 member states (parties) outside the European Union in the Convention, so far2.Item KHAZARIA: LESSONS LEARNED FOR MONGOLIA?(ШУА-ийн Олон улсын харилцааны хүрээлэн, 2017-09) P.W, Meertsmillennium ago the Turkic Khaganate of Khazaria on the Northern shores of the Black- and Caspian Seas detached itself from its neighbours by following a ‘Third Way’. This resulted in destruction of the empire. The lesson learned for present- day Mongolia: stay close to your neighbours, but do this in different issue areas: spread the dependencies. At the same time: employ a consistent and professional diplomacy in order to deal with the Near Abroad, as well as with the Far Abroad: the world at large. Combine regionalization with globalization on the basis of well-managed internal political and economic structures in order to safeguard the de-facto and de-jure independence and sovereignty of the Mongolian State.Item MONGOLIA’S ECONOMIC SECURITY: HOW CAN ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT FURTHER SUPPORT MONGOLIAN NATIONAL SECURITY THROUGH DEVELOPING ITS MINING SECTOR(ШУА-ийн Олон улсын харилцааны хүрээлэн, 2017-09) T, Munkh-OrgilA strong economy is the pillar of an effective national security strategy and an instrument of national power. Mongolia’s geographic position between two political and economic powers (China and Russia) provides both opportunities and disadvantages for Mongolia’s economy. Mongolia’s economy is currently sustained through exports of raw minerals to its neighboring countries, which means Mongolia is vulnerable to the mineral market values of those countries. Moreover, highly ambitious natural resource extraction hinders other potentially productive domestic economic manufacturing sectors, which impacts Mongolia’s overall economic development. Therefore, Mongolia needs to develop a multi-pillared, sustainable economic structure based on its resources under a strategic institutional management.Item MONGOLIA’S FACTOR IN THE NEA REGIONAL COOPERATION1(ШУА-ийн Олон улсын харилцааны хүрээлэн, 2017-09) Ts, BaatarItem Mongolia’s Regional ‘Affiliation’ : An Out-Dated Question (?)(ШУА-ийн Олон улсын харилцааны хүрээлэн, 2016-12) P, ChabalItem A NEW PARADIGM IN MONGOLIA’S «THIRD NEIGHBOR» DIPLOMACY AND SOFT BALANCING(ШУА-ийн Олон улсын харилцааны хүрээлэн, 2017-09) D, UlambayarMongolia is the only one state in the Northeast Asian region, which has established with all states legal basis of strategic and comprehensive partnership, and friendly relationship and cooperation framework in bilateral level. In other words, Mongolia has any serious conflicts with countries of the region, and especially no political controversies became an important achievement in Mongolia’s national security. Mongolia’s “third neighbor” diplomacy is, besides of geographical policy and understanding, not only related to certain country, it is more concept of theory of international relations emerged on geographical and space specifics and covering areas of politics, economics, geopolitics and security. Mongolia’s “third neighbor” diplomacy is geopolitics originated directly from Mongolia’s national interests, connected with geographical specific location and in longterm in order to secure and maintain appropriate balance of power in the middle of policies and measures conducting by two neighbors and to ensure national security comprehensively by political-diplomatic and economic means, and in wider context a definition comprising subjects such as western and eastern democratic, developed countries and UN, influencial to world politics, and unbending supporter of Mongolia’s democracy and policy of market economy. Theoretical base of “third neighbor” diplomacy is balance of power or soft balancing and balance of interests. At the present, Mongolia has became a “third neighbor” her global geopolitical environment and formed that is legal framework, etc.,Item Prospects and Challenges For Establishing a NEA-NWFZ(ШУА-ийн Олон улсын харилцааны хүрээлэн, 2016-12) J, Enkhsaikhan